Prognostic role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in acute traumatic brain injury.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is being used to evaluate individuals after acute traumatic brain injury. These studies have shown that changes in certain brain metabolites are associated with poor neurologic outcomes. The majority of MRS studies have been obtained relatively late after injury, but there have been a few reports of use early after injury to assist with outcome prediction. Altered brain metabolites may be sensitive indicators of injury and thus provide additional prognostic information when spectroscopy is done early after injury. This technology may provide a noninvasive means to evaluate early excitotoxic injury, and show changes associated with both neuronal injury and membrane disruption secondary to diffuse axonal injury. This article will review the technology of MRS, discuss its role in patient assessment after traumatic brain injury, and present a summary of our published and ongoing research.