[Schistosomiasis mansoni simulating bladder neoplasia].

A 36-year-old patient, proceeding from an endemic area was admitted with episodes of total microscopic hematuria and terminal dysuria. Cytoscopy showed a protuberant tumor in the bladder anterior wall, suggestive of cancer. Biopsy revealed schistosomiasis mansoni. Transurethral resection confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was clinically treated and cured with oxamniquine. The case presented in this work emphasizes that not all the tumors of bladder with microscopic hematuria are bladder cancers.