W T M Jansen1, A Verel, M Beitsma, J Verhoef, D Milatovic. 1. Eijkman-Winkler Center for Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht G 04.614, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands. W.T.M.Jansen@umcutrecht.nl
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: We assessed the current resistance rates of Haemophilus influenzae against beta-lactams and other agents in Europe and compared the results with those of our previously performed surveillance study. METHODS: MICs of the antibiotics were determined using broth microdilution. The penicillin-binding domain of PBP3 of beta-lactamase (BL)-negative, amoxicillin-resistant (BLNAR) isolates was sequenced. RESULTS: The percentage of BL-positive and BLNAR strains ranged from 0% to 17.6% and 0% to 33.9%, respectively. Compared with 1997/98 and 2002/03, the overall percentage of strains non-susceptible to amoxicillin decreased from 19.8% and 23.3%, respectively, to 16.4% in 2004/05. The percentage of BL-producing strains decreased from 11.0% and 13.7%, respectively, to 7.6%, whereas the number of BLNAR strains remained stable (8.8% and 9.6%, respectively, versus 8.8% in 2004/05). Comparison of penicillin binding protein (PBP) 3B gene sequences between BLNAR and susceptible strains revealed novel amino acid mutations. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of large inter-regional differences, the overall resistance of H. influenzae to amoxicillin in Europe seems to decline due to a decreasing number of BL-producing strains, whereas the overall percentage of BLNAR strains seems relatively constant.
OBJECTIVES: We assessed the current resistance rates of Haemophilus influenzae against beta-lactams and other agents in Europe and compared the results with those of our previously performed surveillance study. METHODS: MICs of the antibiotics were determined using broth microdilution. The penicillin-binding domain of PBP3 of beta-lactamase (BL)-negative, amoxicillin-resistant (BLNAR) isolates was sequenced. RESULTS: The percentage of BL-positive and BLNAR strains ranged from 0% to 17.6% and 0% to 33.9%, respectively. Compared with 1997/98 and 2002/03, the overall percentage of strains non-susceptible to amoxicillin decreased from 19.8% and 23.3%, respectively, to 16.4% in 2004/05. The percentage of BL-producing strains decreased from 11.0% and 13.7%, respectively, to 7.6%, whereas the number of BLNAR strains remained stable (8.8% and 9.6%, respectively, versus 8.8% in 2004/05). Comparison of penicillin binding protein (PBP) 3B gene sequences between BLNAR and susceptible strains revealed novel amino acid mutations. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of large inter-regional differences, the overall resistance of H. influenzae to amoxicillin in Europe seems to decline due to a decreasing number of BL-producing strains, whereas the overall percentage of BLNAR strains seems relatively constant.
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