The frequency of fim genes among Salmonella serovars.

Salmonella serovars were examined for the presence of fim gene sequences using specific DNA probes. All strains, regardless of their ability to express surface-associated fimbriae, retain a considerable amount of DNA homologous to the gene probes used. The phenotypically nonfimbriae FIRN and non-FIRN strains of S. typhimurium retain detectable amounts of fim gene sequences and, therefore, may not be genotypically non-fimbriate. The MS adhesin can be expressed by type 2 fimbriate bacteria when they are transformed with discrete regions of the fim gene cluster. However, this conversion to a hemagglutinating phenotype is not associated with a small region of DNA. Therefore, the inability of type 2 fimbria-producing strains of Salmonella to mediate hemagglutination does not appear to be due to a small deletion in a single fim gene.