OBJECTIVE: Preexposure of macrophages to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) attenuates formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or acute exposure to oxLDL. We examined whether attenuation of the oxidative burst is attributed to down-regulation of protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha). METHODS AND RESULTS: Acute exposure of a mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) to both PMA and oxLDL provoked ROS generation that was blocked by the PKCalpha/beta1 inhibitor Go 6967. However, in RAW 264.7 macrophages preincubated with oxLDL, ROS formation in response to stimulation with oxLDL or PMA was reduced. Attenuated ROS production correlated with down-regulation of the amount of PKCalpha protein in a time-dependent manner and was maximal at 8 h and concentrations of 50-100 microg/ml oxLDL. PMA, a well-established PKCalpha activator, inhibited ROS formation as well when preincubated for 8 to 16 h. In cells stably overexpressing PKCalpha-EGFP, we noticed that ROS formation remained intact upon pre-exposure of these cells to oxLDL. Moreover, in these cells endogenous but not overexpressed PKCalpha-EGFP disappeared, further substantiating the importance of PKCalpha in stimulating ROS production. In addition, we noticed a concentration-dependent ability of oxLDL to halt ROS production. Whereas 10 microg/ml oxLDL was insufficient in attenuating ROS formation over an 8-h incubation period in RAW 264.7 cells, 50 microg/ml oxLDL impaired ROS generation. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that attenuation of the oxidative burst in oxLDL-pretreated macrophages is closely associated with down-regulation of PKCalpha, which is elicited in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
OBJECTIVE: Preexposure of macrophages to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) attenuates formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or acute exposure to oxLDL. We examined whether attenuation of the oxidative burst is attributed to down-regulation of protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha). METHODS AND RESULTS: Acute exposure of a mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) to both PMA and oxLDL provoked ROS generation that was blocked by the PKCalpha/beta1 inhibitor Go 6967. However, in RAW 264.7 macrophages preincubated with oxLDL, ROS formation in response to stimulation with oxLDL or PMA was reduced. Attenuated ROS production correlated with down-regulation of the amount of PKCalpha protein in a time-dependent manner and was maximal at 8 h and concentrations of 50-100 microg/ml oxLDL. PMA, a well-established PKCalpha activator, inhibited ROS formation as well when preincubated for 8 to 16 h. In cells stably overexpressing PKCalpha-EGFP, we noticed that ROS formation remained intact upon pre-exposure of these cells to oxLDL. Moreover, in these cells endogenous but not overexpressed PKCalpha-EGFP disappeared, further substantiating the importance of PKCalpha in stimulating ROS production. In addition, we noticed a concentration-dependent ability of oxLDL to halt ROS production. Whereas 10 microg/ml oxLDL was insufficient in attenuating ROS formation over an 8-h incubation period in RAW 264.7 cells, 50 microg/ml oxLDL impaired ROS generation. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that attenuation of the oxidative burst in oxLDL-pretreated macrophages is closely associated with down-regulation of PKCalpha, which is elicited in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
Authors: Reese S Harry; Leslie A Hiatt; Danielle W Kimmel; Clare K Carney; Kristin C Halfpenny; David E Cliffel; David W Wright Journal: Chem Res Toxicol Date: 2012-08-09 Impact factor: 3.739
Authors: Rebeca Dantas Alves Figueiredo; Adriana Cabrera Ortega; Laura Andrea González Maldonado; Ricardo Dias de Castro; Mario Julio Ávila-Campos; Carlos Rossa; Sabrina Garcia de Aquino Journal: J Appl Oral Sci Date: 2020-04-27 Impact factor: 2.698