Use of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in predicting early postoperative outcome of new neurological deficits after brain tumor resection.

OBJECTIVE: To study risk factors for the development of postoperative neurological deficits after brain tumor resection and to define prognostic factors for recovery.
METHODS: We prospectively studied 82 brain tumor patients undergoing tumor resection. Pre- and postoperative neurological examination, functional and performance status, cancer treatment, cardiovascular risk factors, seizure history, and blood pressure and oxygen saturation were recorded perioperatively. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained within 72 hours of surgery, and the radiologist was blinded to the patient's status. Abnormalities on magnetic resonance diffusion weighted images were classified as new if they extended beyond the tumor cavity margins and were absent before surgery.
RESULTS: Of the 80 assessable patients, 24 had a new or increased postoperative deficit by at least one point on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Presence of preoperative neurological deficits predicted development of postoperative deficits, whereas a new diffusion weighted imaging lesion after craniotomy predicted incomplete recovery of a new postoperative deficit.
CONCLUSION: Postoperative diffusion magnetic resonance imaging is useful in predicting early functional recovery from new deficits after brain tumor surgery.