[Immune proteasomes and immunity].

A lot of facts that require understanding have been accumulated since immune proteasomes were discovered and their relationship with the immune response was established. For example, why are immune proteasomes present in all studied mammalian organs and tissues, including nonlymphoid tissues? What is responsible for differences in the ratio of immune to constitutive proteasomes in different organs? Are the functions of immune proteasomes related to the T-cell immune response alone, as was shown initially, or not? Are immune proteasomes formed simultaneously in different organs during ontogenesis? An attempt is made in this review to answer these and other related questions.