| Literature DB >> 16808941 |
Ann Abraham1, Steven M Plakas, Zhihong Wang, Edward L E Jester, Kathleen R El Said, Hudson R Granade, Michael S Henry, Patricia C Blum, Richard H Pierce, Robert W Dickey.
Abstract
Several novel brevetoxin derivatives were isolated and identified in Karenia brevis cultures and natural blooms by using solid phase extraction (SPE) and LC/MS(MS) techniques. These analogs were more polar compared with previously described brevetoxins, and were poorly extractable by conventional non-polar solvent (chloroform) partitioning. Brevetoxin analogs were structurally confirmed as hydrolyzed (open A-ring) forms of brevetoxins PbTx-1, PbTx-7, PbTx-2, and PbTx-3, and of oxidized PbTx-1 and PbTx-2. Some of these open A-ring derivatives were in greater abundance than their non-hydrolyzed counterparts. All were in much greater abundance in bloom water filtrate compared with cell-rich fractions. Open A-ring compounds were cytotoxic in mouse neuroblastoma (N2a) cell assay. In the K. brevis bloom-exposed Eastern oyster, brevetoxin metabolites with opened A rings were identified (e.g., open-ring cysteine-PbTx conjugates), contributing to their overall toxin burden.Entities:
Mesh：
Substances：
Year: 2006 PMID： 16808941 DOI： 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.04.015
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Toxicon ISSN： 0041-0101 Impact factor: 3.033