Reconstruction of large defects on the scalp and forehead as an interdisciplinary challenge: experience in the management of 39 cases.

AIMS: To describe options and indications for different surgical reconstruction techniques after resection of large skin tumours on the scalp taking into account an interdisciplinary approach of cranio-maxillofacial surgeon, dermatologist, and neurosurgeon, and to evaluate complications and postoperative outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From a total of 39 patients with large skin tumour resections on the scalp and/or the forehead, treated between January 01, 1995 and June 30, 2005, a number of 42 surgical reconstructions were performed. The medical histories, the surgical treatment, postoperative complications, follow-up and outcome were evaluated.
RESULTS: The excision defects measured 146 cm(2) (range: 80.6-546 cm(2)) on average. The most common methods for defect closure were multiple rotation-advancement flaps (n=19). Six patients were treated with split-thickness skin grafts after bone drilling for inducing granulation tissue to grow. Free latissimus dorsi muscle flaps were used in 8 patients and radial forearm flaps in 4 cases. Postoperative complications were rare. An algorithm for the surgical approach to large scalp defects was developed.
CONCLUSION: For reconstruction of large defects on the scalp and forehead, various reliable methods may be used with regard to individual patient-specific parameters in cooperation with different medical specialties involved.