PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the nutritional status of children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) using several clinical measurements. METHODS: Children aged 2 to 6 years with S-ECC were measured for height, weight, triceps skinfolds (TSF), and measurement of upper mid-arm circumference (MAC). Blood samples assessed: (1) hemoglobin; (2) mean corpuscular volume (MCV); (3) serum ferritin; and (4) serum albumin. Weight-for-height was converted into ideal body weight (IBW) percentiles. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as kg/m2. TSF and MAC were converted into measurement of arm muscle circumference (MAMC). All measurements were compared with population reference values. RESULTS: Using weight for height centiles, 17% were diagnosed as being malnourished and 66% as within normal limits. Using BMI centiles, only 4% were identified as being malnourished and 75% as being normal. Conversely, the body fat of 24% was assessed as low (<10th percentile). Serum albumin was low for 16%. The majority had evidence of inadequate iron intake with low serum ferritin (80%), iron depletion (24%), iron deficiency (6%), or iron deficiency anemia (11%). CONCLUSIONS: All tests detected levels of malnutrition, with blood tests finding the most severe cases. The results suggest that severe Early Childhood Caries may be a risk marker for iron deficiency anemia. Since iron deficiency has permanent effects on growth and development, pediatric dentists should recommend assessment of iron levels in S-ECC patients regardless of their anthropometric appearance.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe the nutritional status of children with severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) using several clinical measurements. METHODS:Children aged 2 to 6 years with S-ECC were measured for height, weight, triceps skinfolds (TSF), and measurement of upper mid-arm circumference (MAC). Blood samples assessed: (1) hemoglobin; (2) mean corpuscular volume (MCV); (3) serum ferritin; and (4) serum albumin. Weight-for-height was converted into ideal body weight (IBW) percentiles. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as kg/m2. TSF and MAC were converted into measurement of arm muscle circumference (MAMC). All measurements were compared with population reference values. RESULTS: Using weight for height centiles, 17% were diagnosed as being malnourished and 66% as within normal limits. Using BMI centiles, only 4% were identified as being malnourished and 75% as being normal. Conversely, the body fat of 24% was assessed as low (<10th percentile). Serum albumin was low for 16%. The majority had evidence of inadequate iron intake with low serum ferritin (80%), iron depletion (24%), iron deficiency (6%), or iron deficiency anemia (11%). CONCLUSIONS: All tests detected levels of malnutrition, with blood tests finding the most severe cases. The results suggest that severe Early Childhood Caries may be a risk marker for iron deficiency anemia. Since iron deficiency has permanent effects on growth and development, pediatric dentists should recommend assessment of iron levels in S-ECC patients regardless of their anthropometric appearance.
Authors: Alexandra Nicolae; Leo Levin; Peter D Wong; Malini G Dave; Jillian Taras; Chetna Mistry; Elizabeth L Ford-Jones; Michele Wong; Robert J Schroth Journal: Paediatr Child Health Date: 2017-11-22 Impact factor: 2.253
Authors: Inyang A Isong; Hugh Silk; Sowmya R Rao; James M Perrin; Judith A Savageau; Karen Donelan Journal: Health Serv Res Date: 2011-07-15 Impact factor: 3.402
Authors: E Kanasi; F E Dewhirst; N I Chalmers; R Kent; A Moore; C V Hughes; N Pradhan; C Y Loo; A C R Tanner Journal: Caries Res Date: 2010-09-23 Impact factor: 4.056
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