Minimally invasive techniques for managing pulmonary metastases: video-assisted thoracic surgery and radiofrequency ablation.

Therapeutic pulmonary metastectomy is accepted therapy for pulmonary metastases. However, more than 50% of patients who undergo this treatment will experience recurrences, many within the same lobe. Minimally invasive approaches provide an option for therapy that minimizes morbidity and, in the case of RFA, preserves pulmonary function. The long-term results of RFA, even for non-small cell lung cancer, are not yet determined. Resection using a VATS or open approach should continue to remain the standard of care.