Criteria for selection of appropriate benzodiazepine hypnotic therapy.

The several benzodiazepine hypnotics currently marketed differ in onset and duration of action and in side effect profile. These differences are largely based on the varying pharmacodynamic properties of these agents. The selection of a drug for treating an individual patient should be based on consideration of these pharmacologic differences, as well as assessment of the sleep-wake disorder. The initial objective for the clinician who intends to manage a patient with insomnia is to determine which factors are contributing to the sleep disturbance and to decide on a treatment strategy. If medication is to be used, then the physician should select the most effective and safest hypnotic, prescribe it at the lowest effective dose and for the fewest number of nights. Individual patient response to the chosen medication should be monitored.