Somatostatin modulates vascular sympathetic neurotransmission in the rabbit ear artery.

Somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was localised immunohistochemically in perivascular nerves in the rabbit central ear artery. Whilst somatostatin had no direct action on this vessel, it significantly inhibited noradrenaline-induced, but not alpha, beta-methylene ATP-induced, vasoconstriction. Somatostatin also inhibited contractions elicited by electrical field stimulation showing greater effect at low (16 Hz) compared with high (64 Hz) frequencies, and inhibited the release of tritiated noradrenaline in a concentration-dependent manner. These results confirm that somatostatin is a neuroregulatory peptide, and suggest that it is modulating vascular sympathetic cotransmission of the rabbit central ear artery by acting both prejunctionally to inhibit transmitter release, and postjunctionally to reduce the action of noradrenaline.