[Eosinophil in allergic and non-allergic inflammation].

Eosinophiles are the cells, which play a crucial role in different pathological events. The atopic and parasitic disorders, as well as hipereosinophilic syndrome (HES) are the most typical processes in which they take part. Eosinophilia, which is the rise of number of eosinophiles in peripheral blood above 500 in 1 microl, or above 5% in smear of leucocytes can exist both in allergic and infectious diseases, as well as in neoplasmic and autoimmunological disorders, and in reactions to drugs or others. The mechanism of activation of eosinophiles in atopic diseases is well known and is connected with IL-5, IL-4 and IL-13. According to the last literature data, three routes of activation of eosinophil can be distinguished: Th2 route connected with cytokines: IL-5, IL-4 and IL-13, Th1 route connected with cytokines: IFN-gamma 11-12, GM-CSF, as well as internal route connected with IL-1, TNF, GM-CSF. The experience of different routes of eosinophil's activation may be helpful in the differential diagnosis of eosinophilia.