BACKGROUND: Concentrations of human tissue kallikreins (hKs), a group of 15 secreted serine proteases found in many tissues, are modulated by steroid hormones in cancer cell lines. To gain insight into in vivo kallikrein regulation we measured kallikrein concentrations in serum and urinary tissue in female-to-male transsexuals before and after testosterone administration. METHODS: We collected blood and urine samples before treatment and after 4 and 12 months from 28 female-to-male transsexuals who received 250 mg of testosterone esters intramuscularly every 2 weeks. We used ELISA assays to measure multiple kallikreins in serum and urine. RESULTS: After testosterone administration, serum testosterone concentrations increased by approximately 15-fold. Serum kallikrein concentrations increased dramatically for hK3 (prostate-specific antigen) and increased moderately for hK2, hK5, hK6, hK7, hK8, hK10, and hK11. In urine, we noted major increases for hK3 and hK2 only. For all other kallikrein concentrations, we observed no considerable changes. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that, in serum and urine of female-to-male transsexuals after testosterone administration, hK3 (prostate-specific antigen) and to a lesser extent hK2 concentrations increase dramatically, but concentration of other kallikreins increase either moderately in serum (hK5, hK6, hK7, hK8, hK10, and hK11) or not at all in either serum (hK4, hK13, hK14) or urine (hK4, hK5, hK6, hK7, hK8, hK10, hK11, hK13, hK14).
BACKGROUND: Concentrations of human tissue kallikreins (hKs), a group of 15 secreted serine proteases found in many tissues, are modulated by steroid hormones in cancer cell lines. To gain insight into in vivo kallikrein regulation we measured kallikrein concentrations in serum and urinary tissue in female-to-male transsexuals before and after testosterone administration. METHODS: We collected blood and urine samples before treatment and after 4 and 12 months from 28 female-to-male transsexuals who received 250 mg of testosterone esters intramuscularly every 2 weeks. We used ELISA assays to measure multiple kallikreins in serum and urine. RESULTS: After testosterone administration, serum testosterone concentrations increased by approximately 15-fold. Serum kallikrein concentrations increased dramatically for hK3 (prostate-specific antigen) and increased moderately for hK2, hK5, hK6, hK7, hK8, hK10, and hK11. In urine, we noted major increases for hK3 and hK2 only. For all other kallikrein concentrations, we observed no considerable changes. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that, in serum and urine of female-to-male transsexuals after testosterone administration, hK3 (prostate-specific antigen) and to a lesser extent hK2 concentrations increase dramatically, but concentration of other kallikreins increase either moderately in serum (hK5, hK6, hK7, hK8, hK10, and hK11) or not at all in either serum (hK4, hK13, hK14) or urine (hK4, hK5, hK6, hK7, hK8, hK10, hK11, hK13, hK14).
Authors: Eleftherios P Diamandis; Frank Z Stanczyk; Sarah Wheeler; Anu Mathew; Martin Stengelin; Galina Nikolenko; Eli N Glezer; Marshall D Brown; Yingye Zheng; Yen-Hao Chen; Hsiao-Li Wu; Ricardo Azziz Journal: Clin Chem Lab Med Date: 2017-10-26 Impact factor: 3.694
Authors: Wenyi Qin; Ke Zhang; Beth Kliethermes; Rachel L Ruhlen; Eva P Browne; Kathleen F Arcaro; Edward R Sauter Journal: BMC Cancer Date: 2012-03-21 Impact factor: 4.430
Authors: Emma Eklund; Eleftherios P Diamandis; Carla Muytjens; Sarah Wheeler; Anu Mathew; Martin Stengelin; Eli Glezer; Galina Nikolenko; Marshall D Brown; Yingye Zheng; Angelica Lindén Hirschberg Journal: F1000Res Date: 2017-07-17
Authors: Melissa A Richard; Pagna Sok; Stephen Canon; Wendy N Nembhard; Austin L Brown; Erin C Peckham-Gregory; Minh Ton; Erik A Ehli; Noah A Kallsen; Shanna A Peyton; Gareth E Davies; Ashay Patel; Ismael Zamilpa; Charlotte A Hobbs; Michael E Scheurer; Philip J Lupo Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2020-07-29 Impact factor: 4.379