Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage (TASH)-Score: probability of mass transfusion as surrogate for life threatening hemorrhage after multiple trauma.

BACKGROUND: To develop a simple scoring system that allows an early and reliable estimation for the probability of mass transfusion (MT) as a surrogate for life threatening hemorrhage following multiple trauma.
METHODS: Potential clinical and laboratory variables documented in the Trauma Registry of the German Trauma Society (DGU) (1993-2003; n=17,200) were subjected to univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to predict the probability for MT.
RESULTS: Clinical and laboratory variables available from data sets were screened for their association with mass transfusion. MT was defined by transfusion requirement of >or=10 units of packed red blood cells from emergency room (ER) to intensive care unit admission. Seven independent variables were identified to be significantly correlated with an increased probability for MT: systolic blood pressure (<100 mm Hg=4 pts, <120 mm Hg=1 pt), hemoglobin (<7 g/dL=8 pts, <9 g/dL=6 pts, <10 g/dL=4 pts, <11 g/dL=3 pts, and <12 g/dL=2 pts), intra-abdominal fluid (3 pts), complex long bone and/or pelvic fractures (AIS 3/4=3 pts and AIS 5=6 pts), heart rate (>120=2 pts), base excess (<-10 mmol/L=4 pts, <-6 mmol/L=3 pts, and <-2 mmol/L=1 pt), and gender (male=1 pt). These variables were incorporated into a risk score, the Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage Score (TASH-Score, 0-28 points). Performance of the score was tested with respect to discrimination, precision, and calibration. Increasing TASH-Score points were associated with an increasing probability for MT.
CONCLUSION: The TASH-Score is an easy-to-use scoring system that reliably predicts the probability for MT after multiple trauma. Taken as a surrogate for life threatening bleeding calculation may focus attention on relevant variables indicative for risk and impact strategies to stop bleeding and stabilize coagulation in acute trauma care.