Kiminori Sato1, Tadashi Nakashima. 1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Clearance of the pharynx by deglutition is important in protecting the airway. The pattern of deglutition during sleep was investigated. METHODS: Deglutition during sleep was examined in 8 normal human adults via time-matched recordings of polysomnography and surface electromyography (EMG) of the thyrohyoid and suprahyoid muscles. RESULTS: During sleep, deglutition was episodic, and was absent for long periods. The mean number of swallows per hour (+/-SD) during the total sleep time was 2.9 +/- 1.3. The mean period of the longest absence of deglutition was 50.6 +/- 10.2 minutes. Most deglutition occurred in association with spontaneous electroencephalographic arousal in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep. Deglutition was related to sleep stage. The mean number of swallows per hour was 7.2 +/- 3.5 during stage 1 sleep and 2.0 +/- 0.7 during stage 2 sleep. There was little deglutition during stages 3 and 4. The deeper the sleep stage became, the lower the mean deglutition frequency became. The mean number of swallows per hour was 2.7 +/- 2.2 during REM sleep. The EMG amplitude dropped to the lowest level of recording and hypotonic EMG activity increased during REM sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Deglutition, a vital function, is infrequent during sleep.
OBJECTIVES: Clearance of the pharynx by deglutition is important in protecting the airway. The pattern of deglutition during sleep was investigated. METHODS: Deglutition during sleep was examined in 8 normal human adults via time-matched recordings of polysomnography and surface electromyography (EMG) of the thyrohyoid and suprahyoid muscles. RESULTS: During sleep, deglutition was episodic, and was absent for long periods. The mean number of swallows per hour (+/-SD) during the total sleep time was 2.9 +/- 1.3. The mean period of the longest absence of deglutition was 50.6 +/- 10.2 minutes. Most deglutition occurred in association with spontaneous electroencephalographic arousal in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM sleep. Deglutition was related to sleep stage. The mean number of swallows per hour was 7.2 +/- 3.5 during stage 1 sleep and 2.0 +/- 0.7 during stage 2 sleep. There was little deglutition during stages 3 and 4. The deeper the sleep stage became, the lower the mean deglutition frequency became. The mean number of swallows per hour was 2.7 +/- 2.2 during REM sleep. The EMG amplitude dropped to the lowest level of recording and hypotonic EMG activity increased during REM sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Deglutition, a vital function, is infrequent during sleep.
Authors: Kathryn Richardson; George M Savva; Penelope J Boyd; Clare Aldus; Ian Maidment; Eduwin Pakpahan; Yoon K Loke; Antony Arthur; Nicholas Steel; Clive Ballard; Robert Howard; Chris Fox Journal: Health Technol Assess Date: 2021-01 Impact factor: 4.014
Authors: Florendo L Joya; Daniel F Kripke; Richard T Loving; Arthur Dawson; Lawrence E Kline Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2009-08-15 Impact factor: 4.062