Molecular cloning of human epidermal transglutaminase cDNA from keratinocytes in culture.

We have isolated a cDNA encoding human epidermal transglutaminase, a key enzyme of terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. A cDNA library from cultured human keratinocytes was screened by a PCR-amplified partial cDNA fragment of the enzyme with oligonucleotide primers based on the homology of the transglutaminase family. The cDNA is 2734 bp coding a protein of 817 amino acids. The several regions including the active site cysteine residue are highly conserved among the transglutaminase family. However, the charged N-terminal domain is unique to the epidermal transglutaminse, suggesting that the region is involved in the function of the enzyme in keratinocytes.