OBJECTIVES: We examined trends in the relation between educational level and adult mortality in the Russian Federation in the period 1989 through 2001. METHODS: We used a convenience cohort based on survey respondents' information about age, survival status, and educational level of close relatives, and applied modified indirect demographic techniques to stratify mortality rates by educational level in the study period. A random sample of 7172 respondents (response rate=61%) provided full information on 10440 relatives. RESULTS: The mortality advantage of better-educated men and women in 1980 increased substantially by 2001. In 1980, life expectancy at age 20 for university-educated men was 3 years greater than for men with elementary education only, but was 11 years greater by 2001, reflecting not only declining life expectancy in less-educated men but also an improvement among better-educated men. Similar patterns were seen in women. CONCLUSIONS: The well-documented mortality increases seen in Russia after 1990 have predominantly affected less-educated men and women, whereas the mortality of persons with university education has improved, resulting in a sharp increase in educational-level mortality differentials.
OBJECTIVES: We examined trends in the relation between educational level and adult mortality in the Russian Federation in the period 1989 through 2001. METHODS: We used a convenience cohort based on survey respondents' information about age, survival status, and educational level of close relatives, and applied modified indirect demographic techniques to stratify mortality rates by educational level in the study period. A random sample of 7172 respondents (response rate=61%) provided full information on 10440 relatives. RESULTS: The mortality advantage of better-educated men and women in 1980 increased substantially by 2001. In 1980, life expectancy at age 20 for university-educated men was 3 years greater than for men with elementary education only, but was 11 years greater by 2001, reflecting not only declining life expectancy in less-educated men but also an improvement among better-educated men. Similar patterns were seen in women. CONCLUSIONS: The well-documented mortality increases seen in Russia after 1990 have predominantly affected less-educated men and women, whereas the mortality of persons with university education has improved, resulting in a sharp increase in educational-level mortality differentials.
Authors: D A Leon; L Chenet; V M Shkolnikov; S Zakharov; J Shapiro; G Rakhmanova; S Vassin; M McKee Journal: Lancet Date: 1997-08-09 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Laura Paalanen; Ritva Prättälä; Hannele Palosuo; Satu Helakorpi; Tiina Laatikainen Journal: Int J Public Health Date: 2010-03-27 Impact factor: 3.380
Authors: Sarah Cook; Bianca De Stavola; Lyudmila Saburova; Nikolay Kiryanov; Maxim Vasiljev; Jim McCambridge; Martin McKee; Olga Polikina; Artyom Gil; David A Leon Journal: Alcohol Alcohol Date: 2011-07-03 Impact factor: 2.826
Authors: Olga Vikhireva; Hynek Pikhart; Andrzej Pajak; Ruzena Kubinova; Sofia Malyutina; Anne Peasey; Roman Topor-Madry; Yuri Nikitin; Michael Marmot; Martin Bobak Journal: Eur J Public Health Date: 2009-12-03 Impact factor: 3.367