AIMS: Cardiovascular disease caused by smoking is related to the pathophysiological burden placed on the vascular endothelium. We studied the effect of chronic cigarette smoking on arterial wave reflection (study 1) and smoking cessation on pulse wave analysis (study 2). METHODS: Fifty smokers and 50 age- and sex-matched nonsmokers participated in study 1. Study 2 recruited 20 volunteers from the stop smoking clinic at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK. Systemic augmentation index (AIx) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured using the SphygmoCor system. Brachial blood pressure (BP) (Omron 705-CP-E), AIx and PWV were recorded at a single visit in study 1. Study 2 measured these variables on 'quit day' and 4 weeks later. RESULTS: In study 1, AIx was significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (median 17.25 vs. 11.75%, P = 0.004). Multiple regression analysis showed a significant correlation between AIx and age, diastolic BP, smoking status (P < 0.001), blood glucose (P = 0.045) and weight (P = 0.049). In study 2, AIx significantly reduced after 4 weeks of abstinence in successful quitters (n = 10) compared with relapsed smokers (n = 4) (median 5.0 vs.- 9.5; P = 0.013). PWV did not reach significance in either study. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic tobacco smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased AIx in subjects of a wide age range free from additional cardiovascular risk factors, which is partially reversible after 4 weeks of smoking cessation.
AIMS: Cardiovascular disease caused by smoking is related to the pathophysiological burden placed on the vascular endothelium. We studied the effect of chronic cigarette smoking on arterial wave reflection (study 1) and smoking cessation on pulse wave analysis (study 2). METHODS: Fifty smokers and 50 age- and sex-matched nonsmokers participated in study 1. Study 2 recruited 20 volunteers from the stop smoking clinic at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK. Systemic augmentation index (AIx) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured using the SphygmoCor system. Brachial blood pressure (BP) (Omron 705-CP-E), AIx and PWV were recorded at a single visit in study 1. Study 2 measured these variables on 'quit day' and 4 weeks later. RESULTS: In study 1, AIx was significantly higher in smokers than in nonsmokers (median 17.25 vs. 11.75%, P = 0.004). Multiple regression analysis showed a significant correlation between AIx and age, diastolic BP, smoking status (P < 0.001), blood glucose (P = 0.045) and weight (P = 0.049). In study 2, AIx significantly reduced after 4 weeks of abstinence in successful quitters (n = 10) compared with relapsed smokers (n = 4) (median 5.0 vs.- 9.5; P = 0.013). PWV did not reach significance in either study. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic tobacco smoking is associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased AIx in subjects of a wide age range free from additional cardiovascular risk factors, which is partially reversible after 4 weeks of smoking cessation.
Authors: Jamie C Smith; L M Evans; I Wilkinson; J Goodfellow; J R Cockcroft; M F Scanlon; J S Davies Journal: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) Date: 2002-04 Impact factor: 3.478
Authors: Rajat S Barua; John A Ambrose; Lesley-Jane Eales-Reynolds; Mary C DeVoe; John G Zervas; Dhanonjoy C Saha Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2002-06-05 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Ian B Wilkinson; Ian R Hall; Helen MacCallum; Isla S Mackenzie; Carmel M McEniery; Bart J van der Arend; Yae-Eun Shu; Laura S MacKay; David J Webb; John R Cockcroft Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 2002-01 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: Carmel M McEniery; Sharon Wallace; Isla S Mackenzie; John R Cockcroft; Ian B Wilkinson Journal: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol Date: 2004-03-04 Impact factor: 8.311
Authors: Matthew R Nelson; Jan Stepanek; Michael Cevette; Michael Covalciuc; R Todd Hurst; A Jamil Tajik Journal: Mayo Clin Proc Date: 2010-05 Impact factor: 7.616
Authors: Amy S Shah; Dana Dabelea; Jennifer W Talton; Elaine M Urbina; Ralph B D Agostino; R Paul Wadwa; Santica Marcovina; Richard F Hamman; Stephen R Daniels; Lawrence M Dolan Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2014-03-27 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: I Mark Olfert; Evan DeVallance; Hannah Hoskinson; Kayla W Branyan; Stuart Clayton; Christopher R Pitzer; D Patrick Sullivan; Matthew J Breit; Zhongxin Wu; Powsiri Klinkhachorn; W Kyle Mandler; Brett H Erdreich; Barbara S Ducatman; Randall W Bryner; Piyali Dasgupta; Paul D Chantler Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2017-11-02
Authors: Rita C Tostes; Fernando S Carneiro; Anthony J Lee; Fernanda R C Giachini; Romulo Leite; Yoichi Osawa; R Clinton Webb Journal: J Sex Med Date: 2008-03-04 Impact factor: 3.802
Authors: Abayomi O Oyenuga; Aaron R Folsom; Susan Cheng; Hirofumi Tanaka; Michelle L Meyer Journal: Am J Hypertens Date: 2019-07-17 Impact factor: 3.080