AIM: Approximately 50% of African American smokers are light smokers (smoke < or = 10 cigarettes a day). The prevalence of light smoking in the United States is increasing, yet there has not been a single smoking cessation clinical trial targeting light smokers. The purpose of this 2 x 2 factorial, randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of nicotine gum (2 mg versus placebo) and counseling (motivational interviewing versus health education) for African American light smokers. DESIGN: Participants were assigned randomly to one of four study arms: 2 mg nicotine gum plus health education (HE); 2 mg nicotine gum plus motivational interviewing (MI); placebo gum plus HE; and placebo gum plus MI. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: A total of 755 African American light smokers (66% female, mean age = 45) were enrolled at a community health center over a 16-month period. INTERVENTION AND MEASUREMENTS: Participants received an 8-week supply of nicotine gum and six counseling sessions during the course of the 26-week study. Biochemical measures included expired carbon monoxide (CO) and serum and salivary cotinine. FINDINGS: Seven-day quit rates for nicotine gum were no better than for the placebo group (14.2% versus 11.1%, P = 0.232) at 6 months. However, a counseling effect emerged, with HE performing significantly better than MI (16.7% versus 8.5%, P < 0.001). These results were consistent across outcome time-points (weeks 1, 8, and 26). CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the potential positive impact of directive information and advice-oriented counseling on smoking cessation. Studies are needed to assess other interventions that may further improve quit rates among African American light smokers who are motivated to quit.
RCT Entities:
AIM: Approximately 50% of African American smokers are light smokers (smoke < or = 10 cigarettes a day). The prevalence of light smoking in the United States is increasing, yet there has not been a single smoking cessation clinical trial targeting light smokers. The purpose of this 2 x 2 factorial, randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the efficacy of nicotine gum (2 mg versus placebo) and counseling (motivational interviewing versus health education) for African American light smokers. DESIGN:Participants were assigned randomly to one of four study arms: 2 mg nicotine gum plus health education (HE); 2 mg nicotine gum plus motivational interviewing (MI); placebo gum plus HE; and placebo gum plus MI. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: A total of 755 African American light smokers (66% female, mean age = 45) were enrolled at a community health center over a 16-month period. INTERVENTION AND MEASUREMENTS: Participants received an 8-week supply of nicotine gum and six counseling sessions during the course of the 26-week study. Biochemical measures included expired carbon monoxide (CO) and serum and salivary cotinine. FINDINGS: Seven-day quit rates for nicotine gum were no better than for the placebo group (14.2% versus 11.1%, P = 0.232) at 6 months. However, a counseling effect emerged, with HE performing significantly better than MI (16.7% versus 8.5%, P < 0.001). These results were consistent across outcome time-points (weeks 1, 8, and 26). CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the potential positive impact of directive information and advice-oriented counseling on smoking cessation. Studies are needed to assess other interventions that may further improve quit rates among African American light smokers who are motivated to quit.
Authors: Rebecca L Clausius; Ron Krebill; Matthew S Mayo; Carrie Bronars; Laura Martin; Jasjit S Ahluwalia; Lisa Sanderson Cox Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2012-01-12 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Jeannette O Andrews; Martha S Tingen; Stacey Crawford Jarriel; Maudesta Caleb; Alisha Simmons; Juanita Brunson; Martina Mueller; Jasjit S Ahluwalia; Susan D Newman; Melissa J Cox; Gayenell Magwood; Christina Hurman Journal: Am J Community Psychol Date: 2012-09
Authors: Taneisha S Buchanan; Carla J Berg; Lisa Sanderson Cox; Niaman Nazir; Neal L Benowitz; Lisa Yu; Olivia Yturralde; Peyton Jacob; Won S Choi; Jasjit S Ahluwalia; Nicole L Nollen Journal: Nicotine Tob Res Date: 2012-02-24 Impact factor: 4.244
Authors: Lisa Sanderson Cox; Nicole L Nollen; Matthew S Mayo; Won S Choi; Babalola Faseru; Neal L Benowitz; Rachel F Tyndale; Kolawole S Okuyemi; Jasjit S Ahluwalia Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Date: 2012-01-25 Impact factor: 13.506
Authors: Francisco I Salgado García; Karen J Derefinko; Zoran Bursac; Sarah Hand; Robert C Klesges Journal: Contemp Clin Trials Date: 2018-03-13 Impact factor: 2.226
Authors: Babalola Faseru; Nicole L Nollen; Matthew S Mayo; Ron Krebill; Won S Choi; Neal L Benowitz; Rachel F Tyndale; Kolawole S Okuyemi; Jasjit S Ahluwalia; Lisa Sanderson Cox Journal: Addict Behav Date: 2012-11-29 Impact factor: 3.913