[Brain injury during severe sepsis].

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a global cerebral dysfunction induced by the systemic response to inflammation and infection, without a liver or renal injury. Alteration of consciousness, from confusion to coma, is the main clinical symptom. This encephalopathy is associated with an increase in mortality due to sepsis. Its physiopathology is unknown. There is frequently an increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier, which might explain a role of endotoxins on cerebral metabolism. Changes in neurotransmitter release or concentrations (norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine, GABA) have been reported. There is not any specific treatment of septic encephalopathy. In most cases, this syndrome is rapidly reversible after the treatment of sepsis.