Combined trimethoprim and caspofungin treatment for severe Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in a five year old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Caspofungin was used for the first time with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for treatment of high risk Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in a pediatric immunocompromised patient. Despite the need for mechanical ventilation, the pediatric patient with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia improved within nine days of treatment and showed no major side effects. The apparent relative lack of toxicity and of pharmacokinetic drug interactions makes caspofungin an attractive agent.