Heat Inducible Expression of a Chimeric Maize hsp70CAT Gene in Maize Protoplasts.

The response of maize (Zea mays L.) protoplasts to high temperature stress was investigated. After isolation and electroporation, protoplasts were preincubated for 12 hours at 26 degrees C then incubated for 6 hours at elevated temperatures. The pattern of polypeptides synthesized by these protoplasts during the last hour was monitored by in vivo labeling with (35)S-methionine. Incubation at 40 degrees and 42 degrees C resulted in the synthesis of polypeptides not detectable at 26 degrees C. Introduction of a chimeric maize heat shock protein 70 promoter-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase coding region gene into protoplasts via electroporation resulted in the temperature-dependent induction of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity with maximal activity at 40 degrees C. In the same protoplasts, a second chimeric gene, in which the firefly luciferase coding region was under the control of the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus, did not show an increase in expression after incubation at higher temperatures. Maize protoplasts provide a system to study molecular responses to high temperature stress.