separation and Immunological Characterization of Membrane Fractions from Barley Roots.

Tonoplast and plasma membranes (PM) were isolated from barley roots (Hordeum vulgare L. cv California Mariout 72) using sucrose step gradients. The isolation procedure yielded sufficient quantities of PM and tonoplast vesicles that were sealed and of the right orientation to measure ATP-dependent proton transport in vitro. The proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum, tonoplast-plus-Golgi membrane (TG) and PM fractions were separated on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels, and immunoblots were used to test for cross-contamination between the fractions. Proteins that cross-reacted with antibodies to the PM ATPase from corn roots and Neurospora were greatly enriched in the PM fraction, as were proteins that cross-reacted with monoclonal antibodies to an arabinogalactan protein from the PM of tobacco cells. Proteins that cross-reacted with antibodies to the 58- and 72-kilodalton subunits of the tonoplast ATPase of red beet storage tissue were greatly enriched in the TG fraction. The results with immunoblots and enzyme assays indicated that there was little cross-contamination between the tonoplast and PM vesicles. The molecular weights and isoelectric points of the PM ATPase and the tonoplast ATPase subunits were also determined using immunoblots of two-dimensional gels of the PM and TG proteins.