Photoinduced Seed Germination of Oenothera biennis L: I. General Characteristics.

General characteristics of light-induced germination of Oenothera biennis L. seeds were investigated at 24 degrees C. During dark imbibition, seeds reached maximal respiration in 7 hours and maximal water content and photosensitivity in 24 hours. After dark imbibition of 24 hours, seeds required a long exposure (>36 hours) to red or white light for maximal germination. Two photoperiods (12 and 2 hours) separated by a period of darkness of 10 to 16 hours gave near maximal germination. For the two photoperiod regime, the first light potentiates a reversible phytochrome response by the second light. A 35 degrees C treatment for 2 to 3 hours in the dark immediately prior or subsequent to 8 hours of light caused a higher percentage of germination. A 2 hour treatment at 35 degrees C also potentiates a reversible phytochrome response. Halved seeds germinated at 100% in light or darkness indicating that the light requirement of the seeds is lost in the halving procedure. After-ripened seeds required less light and germinated more rapidly and at higher percentages than seeds tested shortly after maturation.