Influence of internal sugar levels on apoplasmic retrieval of exogenous sucrose in source leaf tissue.

Sugar levels in Beta vulgaris leaves were increased by heat-girdling the petiole and returning the plant to the controlled-environment chamber for 10 and 34 hours. After 10 hours, sucrose influx into the treated leaves was similar to the controls, although sucrose levels increased from 2.1 to 5.3 micromoles per milligram chlorophyll. However, after a 34-hour treatment, sucrose levels increased from 2.1 to 11.5 micromoles per milligram chlorophyll. In this instance, sucrose influx decreased relative to the untreated controls. Decreasing sugar levels by DCMU treatment resulted in a small stimulation of sucrose influx. A similar DCMU treatment applied to leaves of Allium cepa also resulted in an increase in sucrose influx. However, in A. cepa we could not attribute this increase to a lowering of sugar levels, as the kinetic profiles obtained from control leaves did not vary from each other throughout the day, despite considerable changes in sugar levels. Additionally, it appeared that sucrose uptake in onion may be set at some point and remains invariant throughout the day. Similar studies were also conducted on discs cut from mature leaves of Spinacia oleracea var America. Between 1 and 8 hours after the onset of the photoperiod, the sucrose content of the spinach leaves increased from 2.6 to 9.3 micromoles per milligram chlorophyll. A comparison of the kinetic profiles obtained from leaf discs, taken at these times, indicated that sucrose uptake was not influenced by these changes in internal sugar levels. The relationship between the above findings and ;trans' inhibition of exogenous sucrose uptake is discussed. Although intermediate changes in sugar levels in sugar beet leaves did not appear to affect sucrose influx, autoradiographic studies revealed that these changes dramatically affected the partitioning of exogenously supplied [(14)C]sucrose. Our results indicate that while intermediate changes in internal sugar levels have little effect on sucrose influx across the plasmalemma, they may dramatically affect partitioning between the phloem and the mesophyll vacuole.