Immunocytochemical Localization of Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase in the Pyrenoid and Thylakoid Region of the Chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

The distribution of the large and small subunits of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was studied by immunoelectron microscopy by labeling Lowicryl-embedded sections with antibody to each subunit followed by protein A-gold. In light-harvested synchronously dividing cells, antibodies to each subunit heavily labeled the pyrenoid, whereas the thylakoid region of the plastid was lightly labeled. By estimating the volume of each chloroplast compartment, it was determined that approximately 40% of the total small subunit in the plastid and 30% of the large subunit are localized in the thylakoid region, presumably in the stroma. In synchronously dividing cells exposed to an extended dark period, the amount of labeling of the pyrenoid region by antibody to the small subunit stayed constant, but the labeling of the thylakoid region decreased. In stationary phase cells, the proportion of the label over the pyrenoid is higher than in synchronously dividing cells suggesting that the pyrenoid may be a storage organelle.