Studies on Pea Ribosomal Proteins: Conformational and Biological Activity Changes of Ribosomal Subunits Derived by NH(4)Cl Dissociation.

Ribosomal subunits prepared by NH(4)Cl dissociation (0.5 m) of the monomeric ribosomes were much less active in in vitro protein synthesis than those prepared by KCl dissociation. The decrease in activity correlated with a detachment of some proteins (L(2) and L(9) as shown by gel electrophoresis) within the 60S ribosomal subunits. Subunits prepared with 0.3 m NH(4)Cl retained L(2) and L(9), but the activity remained low. Incubation of these 60S subunits in TKM buffer (50 mm tris [pH 7.5], 20 mm KCl, and 5 mm MgCl(2)) for 20 min at 37 C restored the activity almost to the level of those obtained by KCl dissociation. Treatment of the 0.3 m NH(4)Cl-derived 60S subunits with a protein reagent, Procion brilliant blue, prior to extraction of the ribosomal proteins resulted in the loss of L(2) and L(9), showing that these proteins were made accessible for dye binding. These observations suggest that a considerable degree of unfolding of the 60S subunit occurs at 0.3 m NH(4)Cl (this apparently leads to a preferential detachment of L(2) and L(9) at 0.5 m NH(4)Cl) and that the activity of the purified subunits depends not only on the presence of L(2) and L(9) but also on the organization of these proteins within the 60S subunits.