OBJECTIVE: Concentrations of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin is affected by a number of hormones, which also affect circulating levels of free fatty acids (FFAs). The present study was therefore designed to determine the direct effect of FFAs on circulating ghrelin. DESIGN: Eight lean, healthy men were examined for 8 h on four occasions using variable infusion rates (0, 3, 6 and 12 microl/kg per min) of intralipid to create different plasma FFA concentrations. Constant levels of insulin and GH were obtained by administration of acipimox (250 mg) and somatostatin (300 microg/h). At the end of each study day a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp was performed. RESULTS: Four distinct levels of FFAs were obtained at the end of the lipid infusion period (FFA(LIPID): 0.03 +/- 0.00 vs: 0.49 +/- 0.04, 0.92 +/- 0.08 and 2.09 +/- 0.38 mmol/l; ANOVA P < 0.0001) and during hyperinsulinaemia (FFA(LIPID+INSULIN): 0.02 +/- 0.00 vs: 0.34 +/- 0.03, 0.68 +/- 0.09 and 1.78 +/- 0.32 mmol/l; ANOVA P < 0.0001). Whereas, somatostatin infusion alone reduced ghrelin concentration by approximately 67%, concomitant administration of increasing amounts of intralipid reduced circulating ghrelin by a further 14, 19 and 19% respectively (change in ghrelin: 0.52 +/- 0.05 vs: 0.62 +/- 0.06, 0.72 +/- 0.09 and 0.71 +/- 0.05 microg/l; ANOVA P = 0.04). No further reduction in ghrelin concentration was observed during hyperinsulinaemia. CONCLUSION: FFA exposure between 0 and 1 mmol/l significantly suppresses ghrelin levels independent of ambient GH and insulin levels.
OBJECTIVE: Concentrations of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin is affected by a number of hormones, which also affect circulating levels of free fatty acids (FFAs). The present study was therefore designed to determine the direct effect of FFAs on circulating ghrelin. DESIGN: Eight lean, healthy men were examined for 8 h on four occasions using variable infusion rates (0, 3, 6 and 12 microl/kg per min) of intralipid to create different plasma FFA concentrations. Constant levels of insulin and GH were obtained by administration of acipimox (250 mg) and somatostatin (300 microg/h). At the end of each study day a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp was performed. RESULTS: Four distinct levels of FFAs were obtained at the end of the lipid infusion period (FFA(LIPID): 0.03 +/- 0.00 vs: 0.49 +/- 0.04, 0.92 +/- 0.08 and 2.09 +/- 0.38 mmol/l; ANOVA P < 0.0001) and during hyperinsulinaemia (FFA(LIPID+INSULIN): 0.02 +/- 0.00 vs: 0.34 +/- 0.03, 0.68 +/- 0.09 and 1.78 +/- 0.32 mmol/l; ANOVA P < 0.0001). Whereas, somatostatin infusion alone reduced ghrelin concentration by approximately 67%, concomitant administration of increasing amounts of intralipid reduced circulating ghrelin by a further 14, 19 and 19% respectively (change in ghrelin: 0.52 +/- 0.05 vs: 0.62 +/- 0.06, 0.72 +/- 0.09 and 0.71 +/- 0.05 microg/l; ANOVA P = 0.04). No further reduction in ghrelin concentration was observed during hyperinsulinaemia. CONCLUSION:FFA exposure between 0 and 1 mmol/l significantly suppresses ghrelin levels independent of ambient GH and insulin levels.
Authors: Christopher J Morris; Sarah Fullick; Warren Gregson; Neil Clarke; Dominic Doran; Don MacLaren; Greg Atkinson Journal: Chronobiol Int Date: 2010-05 Impact factor: 2.877
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Authors: Maja S Engelstoft; Won-Mee Park; Ichiro Sakata; Line V Kristensen; Anna Sofie Husted; Sherri Osborne-Lawrence; Paul K Piper; Angela K Walker; Maria H Pedersen; Mark K Nøhr; Jie Pan; Christopher J Sinz; Paul E Carrington; Taro E Akiyama; Robert M Jones; Cong Tang; Kashan Ahmed; Stefan Offermanns; Kristoffer L Egerod; Jeffrey M Zigman; Thue W Schwartz Journal: Mol Metab Date: 2013-09-04 Impact factor: 7.422
Authors: M O Weickert; C V Loeffelholz; A M Arafat; C Schöfl; B Otto; J Spranger; M Möhlig; A F Pfeiffer Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2008-02 Impact factor: 4.256