Malaria control in Henan Province, People's Republic of China.

We analyzed malaria prevalence and evaluated the effect of malaria control measures in Henan Province, People's Republic of China between 1993 and 2004. Data relating to malaria epidemics, malaria control measures and their effects, and vector surveillance between 1993 and 2004 were collected and analyzed. Mean malaria incidence during this period was 2.96/100,000. After integrated vector control measures and appropriate treatment of malaria cases were carried out, the number of malaria cases in Henan Province decreased from 4,815 in 2000 to 2,112 in 2004. The parasite-positive rate and the density of Anopheles anthropophagus were also reduced. Malaria control measures were effective and malaria incidence decreased in Henan. However, there are still more cases in this province than in 1992. Local malaria outbreaks and epidemics have occurred in areas where Anopheles anthropophagus and An. sinensis are present. Thus, malaria control measures should be strengthened.