Preventing transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria in health care settings: a tale of 2 guidelines.

Two guidelines for the control of multidrug-resistant organisms in health care facilities have appeared during the past 3 years--one from the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and one, in draft form, from the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These guidelines reflect universal concern in the infection-control community about today's unprecedented levels of activity of multidrug-resistant organisms and about inadequate or inconsistent application of potentially effective control measures. The 2 guidelines provide detailed reviews of pertinent issues and evidence-based, rated recommendations, which overlap considerably. Recommendations regarding indications for active surveillance cultures and the extent of their use constitute the major divergence. Although implementation of comprehensive control plans for multidrug-resistant organisms advocated by both guidelines will require health care facilities to confront difficult programmatic issues, aggressive and widespread adoption of control measures for multidrug-resistant organisms is urgently needed.