A randomized prospective controlled trial of antibiotic prophylaxis in intraoral bone-grafting procedures: preoperative single-dose penicillin versus preoperative single-dose clindamycin.

In this comparative study, 150 consecutive patients undergoing local intraoral bone grafting randomly received either an oral single dose of 600 mg clindamycin or 2 g of the penicillin phenethicillin 1 h before incision. Primary endpoint was wound infection at the receptor site within 8 weeks of surgery. Secondary outcome measurements included postoperative infections at the donor site and adverse events as a result of antibiotic administration. Mean age of the patients was 36.8+/-12.7 years (range 18-67 years), and 98 patients were females (65.3%) and 52 males (34.7%). Infections at the receptor site were seen in 4 patients (5.3%; 95% CI 0.23-10.4%) of the phenethicillin group and in 2 patients (2.7%; 95% CI 0-6.36%) of the clindamycin group. In both groups, 3 patients had an infection at the donor site. Postoperative infections were predominantly caused by alpha-haemolytic Streptococci sensitive to penicillin. No significant difference was found between prophylactic single doses of phenethicillin and clindamycin with regard to postoperative infection in patients undergoing local bone augmentation procedures.

RCT Entities:   Population Interventions Outcomes