PURPOSE: Through cDNA array analyses and immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) was recently shown to be overexpressed in prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of using the levels of trefoil factors as a plasma marker for prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In 79 patients with prostate cancer, 23 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 44 healthy individuals plasma TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 were determined with ELISAs and compared with clinical stage and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values. Plasma levels of TFF were compared with the immunohistochemical expression of TFF and chromogranin A in 30 prostate cancer tissue samples. RESULTS: Patients with advanced prostate cancer had significantly higher plasma concentrations of TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 (P < 0.01) compared with patients with localized disease. Using a cutoff of 200 pmol/L, the sensitivity and specificity of plasma TFF3 in differentiating between patients with localized and advanced disease was 74% (59-85%) and 81% (66-91%). Plasma levels of TFF3 were highest in patients with bone metastases (P = 0.008). Patients with serum PSA >10 microg/L had significantly higher plasma TFF3 values than patients with serum PSA <10 microg/L (P = 0.03) and TFF3 levels were higher in patients with Gleason sums of > or = 7 (P = 0.02). Expression of TFF1 and TFF3 determined by immunohistochemistry was increased in patients with prostate cancer but did not correlate with plasma trefoil factor values. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma levels of trefoil factors are increased in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the predictive utility of trefoil factors in prostate cancer.
PURPOSE: Through cDNA array analyses and immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays, trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) was recently shown to be overexpressed in prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of using the levels of trefoil factors as a plasma marker for prostate cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In 79 patients with prostate cancer, 23 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 44 healthy individuals plasma TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 were determined with ELISAs and compared with clinical stage and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values. Plasma levels of TFF were compared with the immunohistochemical expression of TFF and chromogranin A in 30 prostate cancer tissue samples. RESULTS:Patients with advanced prostate cancer had significantly higher plasma concentrations of TFF1, TFF2, and TFF3 (P < 0.01) compared with patients with localized disease. Using a cutoff of 200 pmol/L, the sensitivity and specificity of plasma TFF3 in differentiating between patients with localized and advanced disease was 74% (59-85%) and 81% (66-91%). Plasma levels of TFF3 were highest in patients with bone metastases (P = 0.008). Patients with serum PSA >10 microg/L had significantly higher plasma TFF3 values than patients with serum PSA <10 microg/L (P = 0.03) and TFF3 levels were higher in patients with Gleason sums of > or = 7 (P = 0.02). Expression of TFF1 and TFF3 determined by immunohistochemistry was increased in patients with prostate cancer but did not correlate with plasma trefoil factor values. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma levels of trefoil factors are increased in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the predictive utility of trefoil factors in prostate cancer.
Authors: Sang Hyun Lee; George Poulogiannis; Saumyadipta Pyne; Shidong Jia; Lihua Zou; Sabina Signoretti; Massimo Loda; Lewis Clayton Cantley; Thomas M Roberts Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2010-06-01 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Thiruvengadam Arumugam; Will Brandt; Vijaya Ramachandran; Tood T Moore; Huamin Wang; Felicity E May; Bruce R Westley; Rosa F Hwang; Craig D Logsdon Journal: Pancreas Date: 2011-08 Impact factor: 3.327
Authors: David S Rickman; Ying-Bei Chen; Samprit Banerjee; Yihang Pan; Jindan Yu; Terry Vuong; Sven Perner; Christopher J Lafargue; Kirsten D Mertz; Sunita R Setlur; Kanishka Sircar; Arul M Chinnaiyan; Tarek A Bismar; Mark A Rubin; Francesca Demichelis Journal: Neoplasia Date: 2010-12 Impact factor: 5.715