Phytoextraction potential of the nickel hyperaccumulators Leptoplax emarginata and Bornmuellera tymphaea.

Leptoplax emarginata and Bornmuellera tymphaea are nickel hyperaccumulators of the Brassicaceae family endemic to serpentine soils in Greece. The aims of this work were to compare the growth and uptake behavior of these plants with the Ni hyperaccumulator species Thlaspi caerulescens and Alyssum murale, and to evaluate their effect on soil Ni availability. Plants were grown for 3 mo on three soils that differ in Ni availability. Ni availability in soils was measuredby isotopic exchange kinetics and DTPA-TEA extractions. Results showed that L. emarginata produced significantly more biomass than other plants. On the serpentine soil, B. tymphaea showed the highest Ni concentration in shoots. However, Niphytoextraction on the three soils was maximal with L. emarginata. The high initial Ni availability of soil Serp (470.5 mg kg(-1)) was the main explanation for the high Ni concentrations measured in plant shoots grown on this soil, compared to those grown on soils Calc and Silt A. murale was the least efficient in reducing Ni availability on the serpentine soil L. emarginata appeared as the most efficient species for Ni phytoextraction and decrease of the Ni available pool.