BACKGROUND: The present study is aimed to examine the neuronal correlates of Stroop interference in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder. METHODS: Sixteen patients fulfilling Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for unipolar depression and 16 healthy control subjects matched for age, gender, and education were included. All subjects underwent an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design with an adapted version of the Stroop task including congruent and incongruent task conditions. The fMRI experiment was conducted on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner, and item responses were given manually by the subjects. RESULTS: With regard to behavioral performance, patients revealed no differences in both reaction time and accuracy relative to control subjects. With regard to brain activations, direct comparison of patients with control subjects in the interference condition revealed hyperactivity in rostral anterior cingulate gyrus (rACG) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in depressive patients, which correlated strongly with the Stroop interference. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides new evidence for the functioning and dissociation of the anterior cingulate in depressed patients. The greater prefrontal activation may reflect a cortical inefficiency due to hyperactivity in rACG enhancing the cognitive interferences from the emotional state.
BACKGROUND: The present study is aimed to examine the neuronal correlates of Stroop interference in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder. METHODS: Sixteen patients fulfilling Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria for unipolar depression and 16 healthy control subjects matched for age, gender, and education were included. All subjects underwent an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) design with an adapted version of the Stroop task including congruent and incongruent task conditions. The fMRI experiment was conducted on a 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner, and item responses were given manually by the subjects. RESULTS: With regard to behavioral performance, patients revealed no differences in both reaction time and accuracy relative to control subjects. With regard to brain activations, direct comparison of patients with control subjects in the interference condition revealed hyperactivity in rostral anterior cingulate gyrus (rACG) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in depressivepatients, which correlated strongly with the Stroop interference. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides new evidence for the functioning and dissociation of the anterior cingulate in depressedpatients. The greater prefrontal activation may reflect a cortical inefficiency due to hyperactivity in rACG enhancing the cognitive interferences from the emotional state.
Authors: D G Dillon; T Wiecki; P Pechtel; C Webb; F Goer; L Murray; M Trivedi; M Fava; P J McGrath; M Weissman; R Parsey; B Kurian; P Adams; T Carmody; S Weyandt; K Shores-Wilson; M Toups; M McInnis; M A Oquendo; C Cusin; P Deldin; G Bruder; D A Pizzagalli Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2015-03-02 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Yvette I Sheline; Deanna M Barch; Joseph L Price; Melissa M Rundle; S Neil Vaishnavi; Abraham Z Snyder; Mark A Mintun; Suzhi Wang; Rebecca S Coalson; Marcus E Raichle Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2009-01-26 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Lihong Wang; Kevin S LaBar; Moria Smoski; M Zachary Rosenthal; Florin Dolcos; Thomas R Lynch; Ranga R Krishnan; Gregory McCarthy Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2008-05-01 Impact factor: 3.222