OBJECTIVE: To investigate causes of death in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Utilized data from the TBI Model Systems National Database, the Social Security Death Index, death certificates, and the US population age-race-gender-cause-specific mortality rates for 1994. PATIENTS: Two thousand one hundred forty individuals with TBI completing inpatient rehabilitation in 1 of 15 National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research-funded TBI Model Systems of Care between 1988 and 2001, and surviving past 1 year postinjury. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary cause of death based on the International Classification of Diseases--9th Revision--Clinical Modification-coded death certificates. RESULTS: Individuals with TBI were about 37 times more likely to die of seizures, 12 times more likely to die of septicemia, 4 times more likely to die of pneumonia, and about 3 times more likely to die of other respiratory conditions (excluding pneumonia), digestive conditions, and all external causes of injury/poisoning than were individuals in the general population of similar age, gender, and race. CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up of individuals with TBI should increase vigilance for, and prevention of, diagnoses frequently causing death (circulatory disorders) and diagnoses with a high relative risk of causing death in this population (seizures, septicemia, respiratory and digestive conditions, and external causes of injury).
OBJECTIVE: To investigate causes of death in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Utilized data from the TBI Model Systems National Database, the Social Security Death Index, death certificates, and the US population age-race-gender-cause-specific mortality rates for 1994. PATIENTS: Two thousand one hundred forty individuals with TBI completing inpatient rehabilitation in 1 of 15 National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research-funded TBI Model Systems of Care between 1988 and 2001, and surviving past 1 year postinjury. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary cause of death based on the International Classification of Diseases--9th Revision--Clinical Modification-coded death certificates. RESULTS: Individuals with TBI were about 37 times more likely to die of seizures, 12 times more likely to die of septicemia, 4 times more likely to die of pneumonia, and about 3 times more likely to die of other respiratory conditions (excluding pneumonia), digestive conditions, and all external causes of injury/poisoning than were individuals in the general population of similar age, gender, and race. CONCLUSION: Long-term follow-up of individuals with TBI should increase vigilance for, and prevention of, diagnoses frequently causing death (circulatory disorders) and diagnoses with a high relative risk of causing death in this population (seizures, septicemia, respiratory and digestive conditions, and external causes of injury).
Authors: Michelle D Failla; Raj G Kumar; Andrew B Peitzman; Yvette P Conley; Robert E Ferrell; Amy K Wagner Journal: Neurorehabil Neural Repair Date: 2014-07-24 Impact factor: 3.919
Authors: Ronald T Seel; Stephen Macciocchi; Craig A Velozo; Kimether Shari; Nicole Thompson; Allen W Heinemann; Angelle M Sander; David Sleet Journal: NeuroRehabilitation Date: 2016-06-30 Impact factor: 2.138
Authors: Flora M Hammond; Susan D Horn; Randall J Smout; Ronald T Seel; Cynthia L Beaulieu; John D Corrigan; Ryan S Barrett; Nora Cullen; Teri Sommerfeld; Murray E Brandstater Journal: Arch Phys Med Rehabil Date: 2015-08 Impact factor: 3.966