BACKGROUND: To describe surgical management and establish anatomic and visual results of patients with explosive ocular trauma in terrorist attacks treated with extreme vitreoretinal surgery. METHODS: Retrospective study of clinical records (6-month follow-up) of patients with visual acuity (VA) of light perception or better with posterior segment injuries [vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment (RD), intra-ocular foreign bodies (IOFB), perforating trauma (PT)] from explosive weapons who underwent vitreoretinal surgery. We reviewed the demographic characteristics, type of weapon, time between injury and surgery, VA at arrival and 6 months after surgery, and type of trauma according to the International Trauma Classification. RESULTS: Fifty-seven out of 236 patients with ocular injuries from explosive weapons were included in the study; all of them were military men, average age 22 years (range 16-53 years). The average time between the blast and primary closing was 1 day, and 10 days between primary closing and vitreoretinal surgery. Open traumas by laceration accounted for 96% of cases and 4% were closed traumas; 76% of the eyes had IOFB, of which 18% involved PT; 5% had endophthalmitis. Contusion was the diagnosis for 100% of the closed traumas. Of the open traumas, 40% were localized at zone I, 44% at zone II, and 16% at zone III. Upon arrival, 98% of patients had VA 20/800-LP and 2% had >20/40. The patients with closed trauma had the injuries at zone III and presented VA 20/800-LP. All patients underwent posterior vitrectomy, scleral buckling, endotaponade and when required, lensectomy (82%), IOFB removal (72%), and/or retinectomy (25%). Postoperative VA improved in 43% of the patients, stabilized in 41% and evolved to NLP in 15% of the cases. Initial expressions of ocular trauma such as RD, PT and endophthalmitis suggest bad prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: We presented a series of patients with severe ocular trauma of the posterior segment from explosive weapons. These patients were treated according to our surgical protocol with extreme vitreoretinal surgery within the first 2 weeks after the blast; with our procedure we obtained stabilization or improvement of the VA for 84% of the cases.
BACKGROUND: To describe surgical management and establish anatomic and visual results of patients with explosive ocular trauma in terrorist attacks treated with extreme vitreoretinal surgery. METHODS: Retrospective study of clinical records (6-month follow-up) of patients with visual acuity (VA) of light perception or better with posterior segment injuries [vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment (RD), intra-ocular foreign bodies (IOFB), perforating trauma (PT)] from explosive weapons who underwent vitreoretinal surgery. We reviewed the demographic characteristics, type of weapon, time between injury and surgery, VA at arrival and 6 months after surgery, and type of trauma according to the International Trauma Classification. RESULTS: Fifty-seven out of 236 patients with ocular injuries from explosive weapons were included in the study; all of them were military men, average age 22 years (range 16-53 years). The average time between the blast and primary closing was 1 day, and 10 days between primary closing and vitreoretinal surgery. Open traumas by laceration accounted for 96% of cases and 4% were closed traumas; 76% of the eyes had IOFB, of which 18% involved PT; 5% had endophthalmitis. Contusion was the diagnosis for 100% of the closed traumas. Of the open traumas, 40% were localized at zone I, 44% at zone II, and 16% at zone III. Upon arrival, 98% of patients had VA 20/800-LP and 2% had >20/40. The patients with closed trauma had the injuries at zone III and presented VA 20/800-LP. All patients underwent posterior vitrectomy, scleral buckling, endotaponade and when required, lensectomy (82%), IOFB removal (72%), and/or retinectomy (25%). Postoperative VA improved in 43% of the patients, stabilized in 41% and evolved to NLP in 15% of the cases. Initial expressions of ocular trauma such as RD, PT and endophthalmitis suggest bad prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: We presented a series of patients with severe ocular trauma of the posterior segment from explosive weapons. These patients were treated according to our surgical protocol with extreme vitreoretinal surgery within the first 2 weeks after the blast; with our procedure we obtained stabilization or improvement of the VA for 84% of the cases.
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