Transduction of nondividing human macrophages with gammaretrovirus-derived vectors.

It is commonly accepted that infection of nondividing cells by gammaretroviruses such as the murine leukemia viruses is inefficient due to their inability to cross the nuclear envelope barrier. Challenging this notion, we now show that human nondividing macrophages display a specific window of susceptibility to transduction with a Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MLV)-derived vector during their differentiation from monocytes. This finding suggests that factors other than the nuclear membrane govern permissiveness to gammaretroviral infection and raises the possibility of using the macrophage tropism of F-MLV in gene therapy.