OBJECTIVE: Using predetermined criteria for study quality and methods, a literature review and meta-analysis of seven reports about pediatric bipolar disorder (BPD) was conducted to determine if there is a consistent picture of the phenomenology and clinical characteristics of BPD in children and adolescents. METHODS: Searches were conducted in MedLine and PsycINFO using the terms mania, BPD, children and adolescents, and was limited to published articles in peer-reviewed journals. Seven reports were selected that met the following criteria: a systematic method for the elicitation and reporting of symptoms and clinical characteristics of subjects; subjects were interviewed by a trained researcher or clinician; ages 5-18 years; use of a diagnostic system, either DSM or RDC for categorization; a consensus method for the establishment of the diagnosis of BPD. RESULTS: Most DSM-IV symptoms of mania were common in the children and adolescents with BPD with the most common symptoms being increased energy, distractibility, and pressured speech. On average, four of five bipolar cases also showed threshold levels of irritable mood and grandiosity, and more than 70% of all cases showed elated/euphoric mood, decreased need for sleep, or racing thoughts. Roughly 69% of cases also showed poor judgment, whereas only half of bipolar cases demonstrated flight of ideas, and slightly more than one-third showed hypersexuality or psychotic features. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical picture that emerges is that of children or adolescents with periods of increased energy (mania or hypomania), accompanied by distractibility, pressured speech, irritability, grandiosity, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep and euphoria/elation.
OBJECTIVE: Using predetermined criteria for study quality and methods, a literature review and meta-analysis of seven reports about pediatric bipolar disorder (BPD) was conducted to determine if there is a consistent picture of the phenomenology and clinical characteristics of BPD in children and adolescents. METHODS: Searches were conducted in MedLine and PsycINFO using the terms mania, BPD, children and adolescents, and was limited to published articles in peer-reviewed journals. Seven reports were selected that met the following criteria: a systematic method for the elicitation and reporting of symptoms and clinical characteristics of subjects; subjects were interviewed by a trained researcher or clinician; ages 5-18 years; use of a diagnostic system, either DSM or RDC for categorization; a consensus method for the establishment of the diagnosis of BPD. RESULTS: Most DSM-IV symptoms of mania were common in the children and adolescents with BPD with the most common symptoms being increased energy, distractibility, and pressured speech. On average, four of five bipolar cases also showed threshold levels of irritable mood and grandiosity, and more than 70% of all cases showed elated/euphoric mood, decreased need for sleep, or racing thoughts. Roughly 69% of cases also showed poor judgment, whereas only half of bipolar cases demonstrated flight of ideas, and slightly more than one-third showed hypersexuality or psychotic features. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical picture that emerges is that of children or adolescents with periods of increased energy (mania or hypomania), accompanied by distractibility, pressured speech, irritability, grandiosity, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep and euphoria/elation.
Authors: Karen E Seymour; Kerri L Kim; Grace K Cushman; Megan E Puzia; Alexandra B Weissman; Thania Galvan; Daniel P Dickstein Journal: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2015-02-28 Impact factor: 4.785
Authors: Sarah McCue Horwitz; Christine A Demeter; Maria E Pagano; Eric A Youngstrom; Mary A Fristad; L Eugene Arnold; Boris Birmaher; Mary Kay Gill; David Axelson; Robert A Kowatch; Thomas W Frazier; Robert L Findling Journal: J Clin Psychiatry Date: 2010-10-05 Impact factor: 4.384
Authors: Genna Bebko; Michele A Bertocci; Jay C Fournier; Amanda K Hinze; Lisa Bonar; Jorge R C Almeida; Susan B Perlman; Amelia Versace; Claudiu Schirda; Michael Travis; Mary Kay Gill; Christine Demeter; Vaibhav A Diwadkar; Gary Ciuffetelli; Eric Rodriguez; Thomas Olino; Erika Forbes; Jeffrey L Sunshine; Scott K Holland; Robert A Kowatch; Boris Birmaher; David Axelson; Sarah M Horwitz; L Eugene Arnold; Mary A Fristad; Eric A Youngstrom; Robert L Findling; Mary L Phillips Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2014-01 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Rene L Olvera; Manoela Fonseca; Sheila C Caetano; John P Hatch; Kristina Hunter; Mark Nicoletti; Steven R Pliszka; C Robert Cloninger; Jair C Soares Journal: J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol Date: 2009-02 Impact factor: 2.576
Authors: Christoph U Correll; Julie B Penzner; Anne M Frederickson; Jessica J Richter; Andrea M Auther; Christopher W Smith; John M Kane; Barbara A Cornblatt Journal: Schizophr Bull Date: 2007-05-02 Impact factor: 9.306