PURPOSE: Current serum testing for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) lacks specificity. On diagnosis, the optimal therapeutic pathway is not clear and tools for adequate risk assessment of localized PCa progression are not available. This leads to a significant number of men having unnecessary diagnostic biopsies and surgery. A search for novel tumor markers identified macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1) as a potentially useful marker. Follow-up studies revealed MIC-1 overexpression in local and metastatic PCa whereas peritumoral interstitial staining for MIC-1 identified lower-grade tumors destined for recurrence. Consequently, we sought to assess serum MIC-1 measurement as a diagnostic tool. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using immunoassay determination of serum MIC-1 concentration in 1,000 men, 538 of whom had PCa, we defined the relationship of MIC-1 to disease variables. A diagnostic algorithm (MIC-PSA score) based on serum levels of MIC-1, total serum prostate-specific antigen, and percentage of free prostate-specific antigen was developed. RESULTS: Serum MIC-1 was found to be an independent predictor of the presence of PCa and tumors with a Gleason sum > or =7. We validated the MIC-PSA score in a separate population and showed an improved specificity for diagnostic blood testing for PCa over percentage of free prostate-specific antigen, potentially reducing unnecessary biopsies by 27%. CONCLUSIONS: Serum MIC-1 is an independent marker of the presence of PCa and tumors with a Gleason sum of > or =7. The use of serum MIC-1 significantly increases diagnostic specificity and may be a future tool in the management of PCa.
PURPOSE: Current serum testing for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) lacks specificity. On diagnosis, the optimal therapeutic pathway is not clear and tools for adequate risk assessment of localized PCa progression are not available. This leads to a significant number of men having unnecessary diagnostic biopsies and surgery. A search for novel tumor markers identified macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1) as a potentially useful marker. Follow-up studies revealed MIC-1 overexpression in local and metastatic PCa whereas peritumoral interstitial staining for MIC-1 identified lower-grade tumors destined for recurrence. Consequently, we sought to assess serum MIC-1 measurement as a diagnostic tool. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Using immunoassay determination of serum MIC-1 concentration in 1,000 men, 538 of whom had PCa, we defined the relationship of MIC-1 to disease variables. A diagnostic algorithm (MIC-PSA score) based on serum levels of MIC-1, total serum prostate-specific antigen, and percentage of free prostate-specific antigen was developed. RESULTS: Serum MIC-1 was found to be an independent predictor of the presence of PCa and tumors with a Gleason sum > or =7. We validated the MIC-PSA score in a separate population and showed an improved specificity for diagnostic blood testing for PCa over percentage of free prostate-specific antigen, potentially reducing unnecessary biopsies by 27%. CONCLUSIONS: Serum MIC-1 is an independent marker of the presence of PCa and tumors with a Gleason sum of > or =7. The use of serum MIC-1 significantly increases diagnostic specificity and may be a future tool in the management of PCa.
Authors: David A Brown; Kenneth W Hance; Connie J Rogers; Leah B Sansbury; Paul S Albert; Gwen Murphy; Adeyinka O Laiyemo; Zhuoqiao Wang; Amanda J Cross; Arthur Schatzkin; Mark Danta; Preeyaporn Srasuebkul; Janaki Amin; Matthew Law; Samuel N Breit; Elaine Lanza Journal: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev Date: 2011-12-05 Impact factor: 4.254
Authors: Mingyang Song; Raaj S Mehta; Kana Wu; Charles S Fuchs; Shuji Ogino; Edward L Giovannucci; Andrew T Chan Journal: Cancer Prev Res (Phila) Date: 2015-10-28
Authors: A R M Ruhul Amin; Phillip A Karpowicz; Thomas E Carey; Jack Arbiser; Rita Nahta; Zhuo G Chen; Jin-Tang Dong; Omer Kucuk; Gazala N Khan; Gloria S Huang; Shijun Mi; Ho-Young Lee; Joerg Reichrath; Kanya Honoki; Alexandros G Georgakilas; Amedeo Amedei; Amr Amin; Bill Helferich; Chandra S Boosani; Maria Rosa Ciriolo; Sophie Chen; Sulma I Mohammed; Asfar S Azmi; W Nicol Keith; Dipita Bhakta; Dorota Halicka; Elena Niccolai; Hiromasa Fujii; Katia Aquilano; S Salman Ashraf; Somaira Nowsheen; Xujuan Yang; Alan Bilsland; Dong M Shin Journal: Semin Cancer Biol Date: 2015-03-06 Impact factor: 15.707
Authors: David A Brown; Fredrik Lindmark; Pär Stattin; Katarina Bälter; Hans-Olov Adami; Sigun L Zheng; Jianfeng Xu; William B Isaacs; Henrik Grönberg; Samuel N Breit; Fredrik E Wiklund Journal: Clin Cancer Res Date: 2009-10-20 Impact factor: 12.531