Pulmonary mucormycosis: two of a kind.

Mucormycosis is an uncommon infection caused by fungi of the class Zygomycetes, suborder Mucorales. It occurs predominantly in the immunodeficient host, the most common risk factor being diabetes mellitus. Pulmonary mucormycosis is a disease that is localized in the lungs or mediastinum. It usually presents in a fulminant manner, although a chronic presentation can also occur. We describe two cases of pulmonary mucormycosis in patients with diabetes mellitus, one with an acute and the other with a chronic presentation. A high level of clinical suspicion, combined surgical and medical therapy, and control of patient's underlying immunosuppression are the key to a successful outcome.