BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) predispose to atherosclerosis and may therefore increase the risk of stroke. Low levels have also been found to influence the outcome of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. A polymorphism in the promoter region of the IGF-I gene influences IGF-I levels. Non-carriers of the 192 bp allele have lower levels of IGF-I compared with 192 bp allele carriers. We studied the IGF-I polymorphism in relation to the risk of stroke and survival after stroke. METHODS: We studied 6808 subjects of the Rotterdam Study, who were followed for the occurrence of stroke and death after stroke. Subjects were grouped according to the 192 bp allele of IGF-I into non-carriers, heterozygotes, and homozygotes. The risk of stroke and survival after stroke was studied using Cox regression analysis, adjusting for age and sex, with homozygotes for the wildtype allele as the reference. RESULTS: Non-carriers had a relative risk of 0.8 (95% CI: 0.6 to 1.0) for the occurrence of any stroke and 0.7 (95% CI: 0.5 to 1.0) for ischaemic stroke. For non-carriers, the relative risk of death after any stroke was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0 to 2.2). After an ischaemic stroke, this relative risk was 1.5 (95% CI: 0.9 to 2.6) and after a haemorrhagic stroke 5.2 (95% CI: 1.3 to 21.5). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that IGF-I is a significant determinant of survival after stroke.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) predispose to atherosclerosis and may therefore increase the risk of stroke. Low levels have also been found to influence the outcome of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. A polymorphism in the promoter region of the IGF-I gene influences IGF-I levels. Non-carriers of the 192 bp allele have lower levels of IGF-I compared with 192 bp allele carriers. We studied the IGF-I polymorphism in relation to the risk of stroke and survival after stroke. METHODS: We studied 6808 subjects of the Rotterdam Study, who were followed for the occurrence of stroke and death after stroke. Subjects were grouped according to the 192 bp allele of IGF-I into non-carriers, heterozygotes, and homozygotes. The risk of stroke and survival after stroke was studied using Cox regression analysis, adjusting for age and sex, with homozygotes for the wildtype allele as the reference. RESULTS: Non-carriers had a relative risk of 0.8 (95% CI: 0.6 to 1.0) for the occurrence of any stroke and 0.7 (95% CI: 0.5 to 1.0) for ischaemic stroke. For non-carriers, the relative risk of death after any stroke was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0 to 2.2). After an ischaemic stroke, this relative risk was 1.5 (95% CI: 0.9 to 2.6) and after a haemorrhagic stroke 5.2 (95% CI: 1.3 to 21.5). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that IGF-I is a significant determinant of survival after stroke.
Authors: Licia Denti; Valentina Annoni; Evelina Cattadori; Maria Angela Salvagnini; Sandra Visioli; Maria Francesca Merli; Francesco Corradi; Graziano Ceresini; Giorgio Valenti; Andrew R Hoffman; Gian Paolo Ceda Journal: Am J Med Date: 2004-09-01 Impact factor: 4.965
Authors: M Hollander; M L Bots; A Iglesias Del Sol; P J Koudstaal; J C M Witteman; D E Grobbee; A Hofman; M M B Breteler Journal: Circulation Date: 2002-06-18 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: P Gluckman; N Klempt; J Guan; C Mallard; E Sirimanne; M Dragunow; M Klempt; K Singh; C Williams; K Nikolics Journal: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Date: 1992-01-31 Impact factor: 3.575
Authors: A F C Schut; J A M J L Janssen; J Deinum; J M Vergeer; A Hofman; S W J Lamberts; B A Oostra; H A P Pols; J C M Witteman; C M van Duijn Journal: Stroke Date: 2003-06-05 Impact factor: 7.914
Authors: Yaroslav Winter; Tobias Back; André Scherag; Jakob Linseisen; Sabine Rohrmann; Oliver Lanczik; Anke Hinney; Susann Scherag; Michael Neumaier; Peter A Ringleb; Richard Dodel; Johannes Hebebrand Journal: Obes Facts Date: 2011-08-01 Impact factor: 3.942
Authors: Deborah De Geyter; Ann De Smedt; Wendy Stoop; Jacques De Keyser; Ron Kooijman Journal: CNS Neurosci Ther Date: 2016-04-15 Impact factor: 5.243
Authors: Stepani Bendel; Timo Koivisto; Olli-Pekka Ryynänen; Esko Ruokonen; Jarkko Romppanen; Vesa Kiviniemi; Ari Uusaro Journal: Crit Care Date: 2010-04-28 Impact factor: 9.097