Carrie Giller Gajdosik1. 1. School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA. carrie.gajdosik@umontana.edu
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the reliability of measuring isometric muscle force in very young children with a hand-held dynamometer (HHD). METHODS: Forty-five children aged two, three, or four years old and with typical development, were divided into three groups of 15 subjects each. Group 1 included two-year-old children (X age = 32 +/- 2.4 months), group 2 contained three-year-old children (X age = 43 +/- 3.8 months), and group 3 included four-year-old children (X age = 54 +/- 3.7 months). Isometric force for shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, elbow extension, knee flexion, and knee extension were measured with a HHD on two occasions separated by five to nine days. The frequency of challenging child behaviors and extra test trails also were recorded. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (2, 1) for the combined group (n = 45) ranged from 0.90 to 0.95. The ICCs (2, 1) for the two-year-old children ranged from 0.76 to 0.91, for the three-year-old group from 0.85 to 0.92, and for the four-year-old children from 0.54 to 0.94. The frequency of challenging behaviors did not appear to be related to the level of reliability. CONCLUSION: Using a HHD and standardized procedures, isometric force of children who are typically developing and as young as two years of age can be measured with fair to excellent reliability.
PURPOSE: This study was designed to examine the reliability of measuring isometric muscle force in very young children with a hand-held dynamometer (HHD). METHODS: Forty-five children aged two, three, or four years old and with typical development, were divided into three groups of 15 subjects each. Group 1 included two-year-old children (X age = 32 +/- 2.4 months), group 2 contained three-year-old children (X age = 43 +/- 3.8 months), and group 3 included four-year-old children (X age = 54 +/- 3.7 months). Isometric force for shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, elbow extension, knee flexion, and knee extension were measured with a HHD on two occasions separated by five to nine days. The frequency of challenging child behaviors and extra test trails also were recorded. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (2, 1) for the combined group (n = 45) ranged from 0.90 to 0.95. The ICCs (2, 1) for the two-year-old children ranged from 0.76 to 0.91, for the three-year-old group from 0.85 to 0.92, and for the four-year-old children from 0.54 to 0.94. The frequency of challenging behaviors did not appear to be related to the level of reliability. CONCLUSION: Using a HHD and standardized procedures, isometric force of children who are typically developing and as young as two years of age can be measured with fair to excellent reliability.
Authors: Carlos Martínez-Sebastián; Cristina Molina-García; Laura Ramos-Petersen; Gabriel Gijón-Noguerón; Angela Margaret Evans Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-06-14 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Georg Fieseler; Kevin G Laudner; Lars Irlenbusch; Henrike Meyer; Stephan Schulze; Karl-Stefan Delank; Souhail Hermassi; Thomas Bartels; René Schwesig Journal: J Exerc Rehabil Date: 2017-12-27