Lipid composition of bovine serum lipoproteins.

The four classes of lipoproteins (one of very low density, two of low density, and one of high density) were isolated from the serum of a lactating Friesian cow. The proportions of protein and of the different lipid classes were determined in each lipoprotein. Triglycerides predominated in the very low density lipoprotein, and cholesteryl esters and phospholipids in the others. The triglycerides of the very low density lipoprotein were richer in oleic acid than were those of the low density lipoproteins, but its cholesteryl esters were relatively poorer in linoleic and linolenic acid than were those of any of the others. Phytanic acid (3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethylhexadecan-1-oic acid) was in all lipoproteins except those of very low density; it was not in cholesteryl esters but was abundant in triglycerides, particularly in those of the low density lipoproteins. Hydrolysis of the triglycerides of very low density lipoprotein with pancreatic lipase showed that 82% of their stearic acid was esterified to the 1- and 3-positions of glycerol and that 64% of their palmitic acid was esterified to the 2-position.