Stable plasmid-based siRNA silencing of gene expression in human embryonic stem cells.

RNA interference (RNAi) using short inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) has been widely explored for the suppression of cellular mRNA levels to investigate the function of specific genes, including gene function in differentiation and development. The establishment of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) models for differentiation of selected lineages is an area of intense interest and activity. On the basis of our previous work with stable overexpression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in hESC, we used plasmid vector-based siRNA expression to silence EGFP expression in stably-transfected hESC. After hygromycin selection, we derived several cell lines in which EGFP expression was significantly reduced. At the genomic DNA level, there was no difference between the two cell lines and the parental H1EGFP cell line when analyzed with quantitative PCR; however, there were significant differences among the three cell lines at the RNA and protein levels as analyzed with real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. From these data, we conclude that the decrease in EGFP expression was caused by RNAi, not by genomic DNA loss. Down-regulation of EGFP expression was sustained through multiple passages of both siEGFP cell lines. This simple silencing system will allow novel investigations of target gene function in hESC self-renewal or differentiation, as well as differentiated function in other cell types.