Conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in HIV-infected Ugandans and the effect of past receipt of polysaccharide vaccine.

We investigated the immunogenicity of a 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (CPV) in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Ugandan adults and measured the effect of past pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) receipt given as part of a controlled trial. Two doses of CPV, 4 weeks apart, were given to 54 past PPV recipients and 55 past placebo recipients (84% female; median CD4 cell count, 251 cells/ microL [range, 1-936 cells/ microL]). Postvaccination anticapsular immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were directly correlated with CD4 cell count (P < .01 for all serotypes). There were significant increases in anticapsular IgG concentrations for all serotypes after the first dose (P < .01) and for all serotypes except 14 and 9V after the second dose. Past receipt of PPV did not affect vaccine response.