Mycoplasma genitalium.

Mycoplasma genitalium was initially isolated from men with nongonococcal urethritis in 1980. Subsequent studies to assess the association of M. genitalium with human disease were inhibited however because on repeated attempts the organism proved extremely difficult to culture. Fortunately, the development and use of specific polymerase chain reaction assays allowed progress in this arena and provided evidence of the association between M. genitalium and urethritis, cervicitis, and endometritis. A serologic association has also been noted between M. genitalium antibody and salpingitis and tubal factor infertility. In addition, sexual transmission of M. genitalium in heterosexual partners has also been demonstrated. Currently, studies are underway to further assess these associations and provide additional information about the significance of this organism with regards to sexual transmission, infertility in women, and its association with other genital tract disease processes. Recent studies have suggested that M. genitalium-associated infections are best treated with azithromycin.