PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Regulatory T cells exert a dominant effect in controlling autoimmunity and maintaining peripheral tolerance. Regulatory T cells are also involved in preventing allograft rejection and graft versus host disease. Cellular therapy with expanded regulatory T cells represents a promising approach to control T-cell mediated pathology. In this review we will summarize the efforts to design new methods for expanding regulatory T cells and exploit their regulatory function as cellular therapy for the treatment of graft versus host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Among CD4+ T cells, the best described are the naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and type 1 regulatory T cells. Recent progress has been made in the characterization of both subsets in terms of isolation and induction, respectively. However, a clear definition of their mechanisms of action has still to be achieved. SUMMARY: Better understanding of the mechanisms of suppression mediated by regulatory T cells might enable their use to modulate specific immune responses. Moreover, the recent development of methods allowing the ex-vivo expansion of regulatory T cells, to provide sufficient number of cells for in-vivo infusion, represents the first step toward the use of these cells as cellular therapy for the treatment of immunologic and hematological diseases.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Regulatory T cells exert a dominant effect in controlling autoimmunity and maintaining peripheral tolerance. Regulatory T cells are also involved in preventing allograft rejection and graft versus host disease. Cellular therapy with expanded regulatory T cells represents a promising approach to control T-cell mediated pathology. In this review we will summarize the efforts to design new methods for expanding regulatory T cells and exploit their regulatory function as cellular therapy for the treatment of graft versus host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Among CD4+ T cells, the best described are the naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and type 1 regulatory T cells. Recent progress has been made in the characterization of both subsets in terms of isolation and induction, respectively. However, a clear definition of their mechanisms of action has still to be achieved. SUMMARY: Better understanding of the mechanisms of suppression mediated by regulatory T cells might enable their use to modulate specific immune responses. Moreover, the recent development of methods allowing the ex-vivo expansion of regulatory T cells, to provide sufficient number of cells for in-vivo infusion, represents the first step toward the use of these cells as cellular therapy for the treatment of immunologic and hematological diseases.
Authors: Belén Blanco; José A Pérez-Simón; Luis I Sánchez-Abarca; Teresa Caballero-Velazquez; Silvia Gutierrez-Cossío; Pilar Hernández-Campo; María Díez-Campelo; Carmen Herrero-Sanchez; Concepción Rodriguez-Serrano; Carlos Santamaría; Fermín M Sánchez-Guijo; Consuelo Del Cañizo; Jesús F San Miguel Journal: Haematologica Date: 2009-06-08 Impact factor: 9.941