Unwanted pregnancy among kidney transplant recipients in Iran.

To investigate the incidence of unwanted pregnancy among kidney transplant recipients, we studied 86 pregnancies in 64 women with a transplanted kidney. Twenty-five pregnancies were unwanted (29.1%). Pregnancy was terminated by induced abortion in seven patients, and four pregnancies were lost due to spontaneous abortion with one intrauterine fetal death. Only 13 (52%) pregnancies resulted in a live birth. Most of the unwanted pregnancies occurred in women using coitus interruptus (92%) as the only method of contraception. It is concluded that because fertility greatly improves after kidney transplantation, it is necessary to have a family planning counseling session before surgery. If a patient is not interested in future pregnancy, an effective method of contraception should be offered. A woman who has decided against childbearing in the future may decide to have a tubal ligation at the time of transplantation surgery.